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| Reserpine
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Reserpine
is a naturally
occurring drug
that has been
used for centuries
in ancient
India. It is extracted
from the root
of Rauwolfia serpentina
or Rauwolfia vomitoria,
plants found in
India and Africa.
In traditional
herbal medicine,
the root was
brewed as a tea
and used in humans
to treat hypertension,
insanity, snakebite,
and cholera.
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The
purified alkaloid,
reserpine, was
isolated in
1952
and is considered
the first modern
drug for the
treatment of hypertension.
Reserpine irreversibly
binds to the storage
vesicles
of neurotransmitters,
particularly norepinephrine,
serotonin
and dopamine.
Eventually, catecholamine
depletion occurs
because of the
body's inability
to store these
neurotransmitters.
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| It
is an unusual drug;
it takes many
hours or days to
reach full effect
and continues
to have some subtle
sedating effects
for many days after
the last dose. |
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